Age Discrimination At The Workplace - 1779 Words

Age Discrimination in the Workplace American workforce is getting older. Fact, in between 1970 to 1991, the workforce number over the age of 40 in the U.S. has increased from 39,689,000 to 53,940,000. Because of that, the legislative and judicial developments in the age discrimination in employment have occurred (1). The baby-boomer generation - Americans born between 1946 and 1964 represents more than seventy million workers in the U.S. workplace, and that around 50 percent of the whole workforce. The whole baby-boomer generation since 2006 has falls under the protection of the federal laws against acts of discrimination based of age (ADEA) (2). In 2011 more than 40 million people in the United States are ages 65 and older. Moreover, this number will increase to 89 million and that is more than double by 2050. Age discrimination is continuing, as the workforce is growing old (3). A study by the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics shows that the older workers unemployed longer than younger (4). Age discrimination is harmful not only to the individuals who experience it. In 2004 alone, the cost of negotiated settlements of federal age discrimination complaints totaled $69 million . Age discrimination is possibly the most damaging of the various cases of discrimination that occur in the workplace. According to Collins English Dictionary, ageism is the discrimination regarding to the age, especially against the elderly. People who are in their middle ofShow MoreRelatedAge Discrimination At The Workplace Essay2284 Words   |  10 Pages Christina Jones Age Discrimination in the Workplace Human Resource Management Dr. Melissa Mann â€Æ' Introduction With the rise of the fastest age group expected to be between the age of workers 55 and older from 2012-2022, Age Discrimination will likely be on the rise. According to U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), for the fiscal year of 2015, there were 15,719 receipts that filed an Age Discrimination complaint under the Employment Act which was 20.2% of the total chargesRead MoreAge Discrimination At The Workplace Essay1574 Words   |  7 PagesJeanie Gay Lewis Age Discrimination in the Workplace Human Resource Management Dr. Melissa Mann 9-20-2016 1 Introduction An all encompassing definition for age discrimination in the workplace is the practice of excluding applicants for hire or promotion based on the age of the individual. Related to the factor of age, age discrimination is an approach that does not focus on skill levels and job competency, and places emphasis on the calendar age of the individualRead MoreAge Discrimination in the Workplace Essay 21815 Words   |  8 PagesAge Discrimination in the Workplace Age discrimination in employment is a complex issue which impacts many areas of Government policy and has many implications for individuals themselves. Age discrimination can occur across all spectrums of employment and can affect both young and old. Age discrimination can affect a person’s chances of getting a job, and potentially their chances of promotion or development within the workplace. Age can also be a factor when employers are deciding who should beRead MoreEssay on Age Discrimination Within The Workplace1993 Words   |  8 Pages Age discrimination in employment, also known as job ageism, is a complex issue which impacts on many areas of Government policy and can have many implications for individuals themselves. Age discrimination can occur across the whole spectrum of employment and can affect both younger and older people. It can affect a person’s chances of getting a job, as well as their chances of promotion or development when in work. Age can also be a factor when employers decide who should be selected for terminationRead MoreEssay about Age Discrimination in the Workplace1839 Words   |  8 PagesAge Discrimination in the Workplace Harold had been with the company going on forty-five years. There was no doubt that his contributions over the past few decades helped the once intimate business flourish into an international corporation. As his sixty-fifth birthday rolled around, Harold was greeted with a staff party and a mandatory retirement notice that was effective two weeks from that date. Harold was stunned, inasmuch as he had no intentions whatsoever to leave his position with the company;Read MoreEmployment Discrimination Can Wear Many Faces In The Workplace.1703 Words   |  7 PagesEmployment discrimination can wear many faces in the workplace. Three common workplace discriminations are in the categories of age, weight, and sexual orientation. Only age discrimination has a specific law named after it. The law is called the Age Discrimination Act (ADA). Weight discrimination is linked with the Americans with Disabilities Act in order to be enforced. Sexual orientation (Gender identity) is linked with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. There is a new regulation called the LGBT employmentRead MoreEthics of Workplace Discrimination Essay1434 Words   |  6 PagesWorkplace ethics are standards or codes that determines right and wrong moral behavior in the work environment. Discrimination is defined as â€Å"the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.† (Oxford Dictionary) Workplace discrimination deals with issues such as religion, race, gender, disability, age, and sexual orientation. Covering all of these issues is beyond the scope of this paper, therefore, I will focus onRead MoreWhen People Think Of Discrimination, They Tend To Think1254 Words   |  6 Pagespeople think of discrimination, they tend to think back to older times of slavery, racism, and an underdeveloped country. Sadly, discrimination actual plays a large role in the workplace of today. Discrimination is defined as â€Å"treat ing a person or particular group of people differently, especially in a worse way from the way in which you treat other people, because of their skin color, sex, sexuality, etc.† according to the Cambridge Dictionary (Cambridge University Press 1). Discrimination comes in manyRead MoreWorkplace Discrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination1588 Words   |  7 Pagesfeatures they possess. Unfortunately, prejudice and discrimination occur even in places which, by definition, should be free of all personal prejudices – specifically, in offices and other business surroundings. This tragedy is called workplace discrimination; not every unfair behavior at work, however, can be assessed as discrimination. Discrimination in the workplace happens when an employee experiences unfair treatment due to their race, gender, age, religion, marital status, national origin, disabilityRead MoreLiterature Review : The United States Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pageshistory in terms of d iscrimination towards women in the workplace. Such discrimination only increases when the events of childbirth are taken into account. When women give birth, they often opt to stay lengthy amounts of time with the members of the family as opposed to remaining in the workplace for the duration of their maternity leave. Thus, there is increased rates of discrimination towards these women specifically. Often mothers within the workplace receive the most discrimination as opposed to same-gendered

Critical Analysis On Critical Care Nursing - 1848 Words

Spirituality in Critical Care Nursing: Cancer Patient Population Critical care nursing can be a very intense job, whether there are in-depth skills that need to be formed frequently or it is a patient who needs lots of use of self from the nurse. In the cancer population within critical care this can be drastically increased since they need not only your technical skills, but your time and interpersonal skills to help them through all of what they are going through. A big part of critical care in general, and for cancer patients in critical care, can be spirituality and how that interacts with their disease. In the past spirituality was pushed to the back burner in the process of treating the patient’s disease and not the whole patient,†¦show more content†¦Cancer patients in the critical care setting may more than likely be approaching the end of their life and need more than ever to receive spiritual care that can ease their anxiety, grief, and unresolved feelings about their disease process and approach ing death. This type of care is one of the basic parts of giving patient-centered care so that the entire person is being treated to the fullest extent of the healthcare team’s ability. As stated by Ferrell, Otis-Green, and Economou (2013), â€Å"The need for transcendence or the existential ability to find meaning and purpose within their illness experience is an essential part of providing care from a biopsychosocial-spiritual perspective.† This viewpoint keeps the idea of spiritual care focused on the patients and how this kind of care can truly benefit the patient as well as the nurses in finding one more way to ease these patient’s minds and bodies. In addition, death and dying are a very hard topic many nurses throughout the profession can attest to, but the care that nurses give prior, during, and after this process can be the most beneficial care they receive at such a harsh time in their lives. Nixon, Narayanasamy, and Penny (2013) discussed spiritual care with nurses on a neuro-oncology unit where they spoke of feeling very unprepared and uneasy in providing spiritual care in the fear that they would make a mistake in their approach with these patients, butShow MoreRelatedCritical Care Nursing : An Analysis Of A Complicated Profession1395 Words   |  6 Pages Critical-Care Nursing: An Analysis of a Complicated Profession Nicholas D’Amario Carroll Community College â€Æ' The massive field of nursing is broken down into over one hundred specialties and subspecialties that each have a unique background and certain set of requirements and skills specific to the job. Critical Care is an area within nursing that aims to care for the most vulnerable and ill of patients. Nurses working in critical care units are typically highly skilled and have acquired manyRead MoreCritical Thinking1125 Words   |  5 PagesCritical Thinking Article Review Over the last thirty years, the health care system has incurred dramatic changes, resulting in new advances in technology and medical theories. Greater demand for quality care by consumers, more knowledgeable patients, remarkable disease processes, shorter hospitalizations, and the continuing pressure to lower health care costs are all contributing factors in the necessary changes to the nursing practice. In order for nurses to deliver optimum care, they must developRead MoreThe Impact Of Evidence Based Nursing Practice On Patient Care951 Words   |  4 PagesCriteria and process used for evidence-based nursing practice, and the impact of evidence-based nursing practice on patient care. The act of nursing practice requires the application of competent evidenced based practice (EBP) nursing care, supported by current research and theory development. Through the critical analysis and evaluation of studies, nurse leaders evaluate the components of research for its effective use in the daily practice of nursing. Moreover, this allows nurses to remain currentRead MoreFamily Centered Care : A Concept Analysis Essay878 Words   |  4 Pages Family-Centered Care in Nursing: A Concept Analysis Jessica Giangrande, RN, BSN Georgia Southern University (intro) â€Å"Family-centered care† is a term heard often in healthcare settings and in nursing practice. Family-centered care has been recognized as being an integral part to patient health, satisfaction and health care quality (Kuo, et al, 2012). Family-centered care is implemented with the goal to increase partnerships between, families, patients and providers; and hasRead MoreBecoming a Nurse or Midwife Essay1050 Words   |  5 PagesRegistered nurse is strongly committed to provide meticulous optimum care to the client. Every nurse has to have the attitude of caring, patience and dedication. Being autonomous in nursing is very important while making decisions and practice and which can be obtained by continual education. According to Potter and Perry (eds 2009), Accountability refers to responsibility of the nurse professionally and legally for the provided care. Trusted professional relationship is strongly built by effectiveRead MoreCritical Thinking And Clinical Reasoning1163 Words   |  5 PagesCritical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning Critical thinking and clinical reasoning are terms often used interchangeably throughout the history of nursing. However, they are not the same, and distinguishing the difference amongst them is important. The purpose of this paper is to define critical thinking and clinical reasoning, discuss each concepts similarities and differences, as well as share this author’s perspective on how critical thinking and clinical reasoning have developed and evolved throughoutRead MoreDifference in competencies between ADN and BSN Essay1113 Words   |  5 PagesDIFFERENCE IN COMPETENCIES BETWEEN ADN AND BSN A nurse is a healthcare professional who is trained care for sick. The key roles in nursing are promotion of health and prevention of illness, and also education, research, advocacy, health system management and promotion of safe environment. There are two different categories of nurses based on educational level. One is an Associate Degree Nurse (ADN), a 2 year program and other a Baccalaureate Degree Nurse (BSN), a four year program. ThoughRead MoreA Nursing Process Approach to Malignant Melanoma1155 Words   |  5 PagesNursing Process Approach to Malignant Melanoma To fully comprehend the concept of the nursing process, one must first understanding what nursing is and the history of nursing. Nursing has evolved over the years from a basic system of care to a well-developed professional system in which special ways of think are applied in order to efficiently maximums patient care. The base of nursing is patient care, thus the nursing process is the foundation for nursing practice and key to ensuring the needsRead MoreInnovative Teaching Strategies For Developing Students s Critical Thinking930 Words   |  4 PagesInnovative Teaching Strategies to Develop Student’s Critical Thinking As a result of the persisting, dramatic advancement of knowledge and technology in the medical field, it is absolutely essential that nurses embrace the idea that the learning process they began in nursing school, must continue throughout their entire career (Yildirim, Ozkahraman, Karabudak, 2011, p. 176). The development and ongoing cultivation of critical thinking skills is central to their ability to take on new ideas andRead MoreApplication Of Concept Analysis For Clinical Practice1414 Words   |  6 PagesApplication of Concept Analysis to Clinical Practice The article selected for the Application of Concept Analysis to Clinical Practice was the article named â€Å"Nurse Competence: A Concept Analysis† by Ms. Sarah Smith. The article’s purpose is to deduce the use of Rodgers’ evolutionary method and how it pertains to nursing. The article states that nurse competence is not a destination but rather a journey that gets longer the more you learn (Smith, 2012). This article establishes that, by obtaining

Rural Entreprneurship -One Key to Rural Revitalisation Free Essays

string(241) " and material resources for local economic, social and cultural development and for running within the local area the surpluses so generated and at the same time effectively integrating rural development with modernization the urban sector\." Entrepreneurship can play an important role in rural development. â€Å"Entrepreneur means one who creates a product on his own account, who ever undertakes on his own an industrial/trading enterprise in which work men are employed†. If entrepreneurships really encouraged in rural area it would, of course, be instrumental in changing the face of rural areas by solving the problems of unemployment, poverty, economic disparity, poor utilization of rural capacity, low level of standard of living. We will write a custom essay sample on Rural Entreprneurship -One Key to Rural Revitalisation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Authors: 1. Dr.Ratan Barman, Reader, Department of Commerce, Assam University (Diphu Campus) 2. Dipanjan Chakraborty, Senior Lecturer, Department Of commerce,Darrang College,tezpur Introduction ‘India lives in her villages’—- this axiom is still true today despite the service sector budding in the urban and semi urban areas. Majority of the population still lives in rural India and the large chunk of population in urban areas still live through the learning of a village life. For the strength of the country there is a necessity to develop the villages. Development of a country is a choice loaded on its people, whether urban or rural.It is individuals who shape up a society and decide its progress and performance. Urban and rural are two sides of the same coin of economic development. While the urban sector has witnessed phenomenal growth and development, fuelled by the post independence era of industrialization, the rural sector saw little corporate growth. Rural development is more than ever before linked to entrepreneurship. Institutions and individuals promoting rural development now see entrepreneurship as a strategic development intervention that could accelerate the rural development process.Furthermore, institutions and individuals seem to agree on the urgent need to promote rural enterprises: development agencies see rural entrepreneurship as an enormous employment potential; politicians see it as the key strategy to prevent rural unrest; farmers see it as an instrument for improving farm earnings; and women see it as an employment possibility near their homes which provides autonomy, independence and a reduced need for social support. To all these groups, however, entrepreneurship stands as a vehicle to improve the quality of life for individuals, families and communities and to sustain a healthy economy and environment.Rural industrialization is important not only as a means of generating employment opportunities in the rural areas with low capital cost and raising the real income of the people, but also because it contributes to the development of agriculture and urban industries. In the absence of rural industrialization, it would not be easy to solve the problem of unemployment in rural areas. The entrepreneurial orientation to rural development accepts entrepreneurship as the central force of economic growth and development, without it other factors of development will be wasted or frittered away. However, the acceptance of entrepreneurship as a central development force by itself will not lead to rural development and the advancement of rural enterprises. What is needed in addition is an environment enabling entrepreneurship in rural areas. The existence of such an environment largely depends on policies promoting rural entrepreneurship. The effectiveness of such policies in turn depends on a conceptual framework about entrepreneurship, i. e. , what it is and where it comes from. Concept of Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneur The terms ‘entrepreneurship’ and ‘entrepreneur’ are not new to the Indian economy. Often these two terms are considered synonymous and used interchangeably. But conceptually both the terms are different. The relationship between the two is just like the two sides of the same coin. The understanding of the concept of entrepreneurship owes a lot to the work of economist Joseph Schumpeter and the Austrian School of economics. According to Schumpeter (1950),’ and entrepreneur is a person who is willing and able to convert a new idea or invention in to a successful innovation. † Entrepreneurship forces â€Å"creative destruction† across markets and industries, simultaneously creating new products and business models and liminating others. In this way, creative destruction is largely responsible for the dynamism of industries and long-run economic growth. The entrepreneur is the kind of persons that is willing to put his career and financial security on the line for an idea, spending his time and capital in an uncertain venture. Entrepreneurship as a stabilizing force limits entrepreneurship to reading markets disequilibria, while entrepreneurship defined as owning and operating a business, denies the possibility of entrepreneurial behaviour by non-owners, employees and managers who have no equity stake in the business.Therefore, the most appropriate definition of entrepreneurship that would fit into the rural development context, argued here, is the broader one, the one which defines entrepreneurship as: â€Å"a force that mobilizes other resources to meet unmet market demand†, â€Å"the ability to create and build something from practically nothing†, â€Å"the process of creating value by pulling together a unique package of resources to exploit an opportunity†2. Concept of Rural entrepreneurship Many examples of successful rural entrepreneurship can already be found in literature.Rural entrepreneurship can be defined as entrepreneurship emerging at village level which can take place in a variety of fields of endeavour such as business, industry, agriculture and acts as a potent factor for economic development, In short, rural entrepreneurship implies rural industrialization consisting mainly of agro-based industries, Khadi and village industries and cottage industries. The promotion of rural entrepreneurship is vital in the context of generating gainful employment and minimizing the widening of disparities between rural and urban population.About 75% of the population who lives in villages has to utilize the village resources and they are plentifully available and people are not utilizing it effectively due to mass illiteracy. The risk aversion people can be transformed in to risk taking innovative entrepreneurs by proper training. Rural entrepreneurship not only concentrates on enhancement of products by use of local force or by artisans but also has significant environmental and social impact by developing eco friendly and appropriate olution to local problems China represents a unique example of rural entrepreneurial development with prima facie importance to the use of local resources, such as natural resources, human resources and material resources for local economic, social and cultural development and for running within the local area the surpluses so generated and at the same time effectively integrating rural development with modernization the urban sector. You read "Rural Entreprneurship -One Key to Rural Revitalisation" in category "Papers" China’s successful rural development through less dogmatic and down-to-earth approach to rural industrialization is really worth emulating for our c ountry.Dynamic rural entrepreneurs can also be found. They are expanding their activities and markets and they find new markets for their products and services beyond the local boundaries. Role of Entrepreneurship in Rural development For rapid development, rural industrialization is must. But rural industrialization requires development of rural areas. . According to the Government of India, any industry located in rural area, village or town with population of 20,000 or less and an investment of Rs. crore in Plant and machinery is treated is rural industry. Rural or village industry is classified in to the following categories: †¢ Mineral based industry †¢ Forest based industry †¢ Agro based and food industry †¢ Polymer and chemical industry †¢ Engineering and non-conventional energy †¢ Textile industry †¢ Service industry Objectives of entrepreneurship in Rural Development †¢ To reduce disparities in income between rural and urban areas †¢ To promote balanced regional development To pressure the age-old rich heritage of the country †¢ To control migration of population from rural to urban area and thus helps in checking haphazard growth of cities and slums †¢ To help in reducing social tension and pollution Rural Entrepreneurship as a policy Tool to Achieve Rural Development Before independence, rural industrialization and hence rural entrepreneurship did not get any emphasis. The British Government gave importance to imports and neglected the development of Indian industries.In order to achieve rural development, after independence, the government of India used rural entrepreneurship as a policy tool. It has been clearly reflected in various five year plans and industrial policies. 1) Production in Khadi Village industries sector was Rs 4,519 croes in the year 1997-98 and by the end of the year 2006-07, it is expected to increase up to Rs. 13,250croes i. e. in the span of 9 years it is expected to rise by almost 3 times. 2) Employment in KVI sector was 6. 65 million in the year 1997-98 and it is expected to increase up to 9. 5million by the end of year. Problems faced by entrepreneurs of rural areas †¢ Lack of finance-Modern entrepreneurship is a costly affair which needs abundant credit facilities. But in undeveloped countries, there is always scarcity of such credit facilities †¢ Lack of technical know-how-On account of faulty education system youth lack professional, managerial and technical knowledge which is an impediment in developing the spirit of enterprise, consequently not many people come forward to establish self-employment units. Absence of Enterprising skill- Most of the rural people in India lack risk bearing ability. Reluctance to involve oneself in business, inclination towards wage employment, lack of creative thinking are few reasons which have restricted the growth of self-employment in rural area. †¢ Lack of Infrastructure-On account of lack of infrastructural facilities viz, transport, water, electricity, market, storage and communication etc, entrepreneurs are shying away from establishing indu stries in villages. Industries which are already established are also facing similar problems. Adverse, social, cultural and Industrial environment-Caste systems, social evils, fatalism, religious superstitions, particularly in the countryside, do not allow development of adventurous spirit. Lack of skill and expertise in labourers, their tendency to migrate to big cities and consumer’s habit to buy goods produced by big companies create many problems for new entrepreneurs. †¢ Lack of awareness about quality control-It is true that of awareness hinders rural entrepreneurship. There are number of factors responsible for the lack of awareness among rural folk.Illiteracy, ignorance, lack of proper propaganda by agencies, corruption among government functionaries etc are some of the factors responsible for this problem. †¢ Lack of market information due to poor communication facility- The absence of effective communication and access to right information makes it difficult for rural entrepreneurs to understand market trends and policies followed by the government on industrialization. Rural Development through Rural Entrepreneurship To achieve rural development through rural entrepreneurship,† The support infrastructure† given by Bill Bolton Jo hn Thompson should be implemented given below.The support infrastructure | | People | Ideas | The Enterprise | |Sector |Education and |Research and |Property |Finance |Supply |Business support |Community | | |Training |Development | | | | |development | |Facility |School, |Industry, |Business |Seed and |Sub |Government |Housing, | | |College |University |Incubator; |venture |contractors; |Agencies; |Schools, | | |University; |Garage |Innovation |capital |Labour |Clubs and |Hospitals, | | |Training | |centre | |pool |Associations, |Recreation, | | |Facility; | |Science | | |Consultants |Transport | | |Entrepreneur | |Technology | | |And business |Tele commu | | | | |Business | | |advices |nications | | |school | |parks | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Activity |Courses of |Technology |Premises |Equity | Staff |Training advice |Amenity | | |programmes |transfer |and support |Loans | Suppliers |and networking |provision | Source: Entrepreneurs by Bill Bolton John Thompson Conclusion On the basis of analysis and role of rural entrepreneurship for rural development, we can conclude that rural entrepreneurship and rural development are two sides of the same coin. A part from Government policy, there is an urgent need to create conducive environment in rural areas so that rural entrepreneurship should flourish. Suggestions The following suggestions can be put forwarded for the protection and enhancement of demand potentiality leading to fertile ground for entrepreneurship.Entrepreneurship would be conducive for rural capacity utilization and development and solving rural problems like, unemployment, poverty, low level standard of living etc. ? Formulation of a registered trade union, under the guidance of appropriate Government, at village level-The role of such a trade union should be to protect and promote the interest of labours in the village. It will lead to enhance their bargaining power, thereby more earnings. Labour concessions will be instrumental in changing the face of rural areas. ? Formation of village development council, under the guidance of appropriate Government, at the village level . This council should lead in forming and propagating about negative impacts of drain of rural demand, rural resources to urban area.Consciousness should be created about the fulfillment of rural demand by rural supplier living in the same village. It means trading should be promoted in the villages. Positive impact of divion of work. Divion of work will lead specialization, better capacity utilization, assurance of definite market and enough earning to meet family needs. The positive and negative impacts of migration of people from rural area to urban area. It is good in the sense that it is going to provide employment to rural people in urban area. But the negative part of the process is that commit their funds in urban area. These migrated people should be encouraged and motivated to finally stay in village.They should spend their money in rural areas. It would lead to enhancement in rural demand and rural development. Such a village development council will be forum where issues relating development will be discussed and opinions will be floated among the people for course of action. ? Formation of Rural entrepreneurship Development Bank of India, on the line of Industrial Development bank of India, is essential to promote entrepreneurship in the rural areas. It role would be to make available finance, knlwledge, technical expertise, managerial advice, help in marketing, string etc. it has to take case from beginning to end. Even its role would be to come up with plans.The is need to promote urban culture in rural area in respect of consumption, entertainment, education, spending, standard of livingrationality,etc. to promote economic activities. Rural-Urban interaction, T. V, Radio, Mobile, Road etc, are promoting urban culture in rural areas. ? State Government must invest in more for development of rural entrepreneurship ? All latest technology of the globe is to be disseminated to all rural areas by Government through Toll free number ? Appointment of SSI ombudsman and having one stop centre for needs of rural entrepreneurs to be established. ? There is necessary to promote education and skill necessary for entrepreneurship ? How to cite Rural Entreprneurship -One Key to Rural Revitalisation, Papers

Boxing Day Trading Extended Across †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Boxing Day Trading Extended Across. Answer: Introduction: The Boxing Day is supposed to be a public holiday, which is celebrated on the first day after the Christmas Day. The employers take steps in order to open their shops on the day and keep them opened in order to satisfy the needs of the consumers subsequent to Christmas celebration. The different aspects of the change in the structure and the functioning of the retail shops and their owners are facilitated by the trade that is undertaken by in the day. However, the amendments that are being planned by the coalition governments have taken the side of the employees. The Boxing Day trade rule that was undertaken by the entrepreneurs is affected by the proper functioning of the Act (Tin 2017). The reason for the disapproval of many entrepreneurs to the Act is based on the fact that the act has prohibited the scope of business on the Boxing Day (Patty 2017). It will be affecting the business undertaken by the retailers on that day, as they would not be able to open their shops or the offices without the election of the employees who are not willing to work on that day. The act that is being proposed by the government has made it mandatory for the employers to close their shops and offices on the day as there would not be any consideration regarding the loss of business (Take the Time 2018). Therefore, the employers are concerned about the loss they might undertake through the closing of the sessions for the day. Freely elect to work on Boxing Day The clause of the freely elect to work on the Boxing Day has helped in ensuring the employees consent to work. However, there are issues that are faced by the employees due to the closing of the days business, as it would accumulate havoc pressure for them on the next day. On the other hand, the understanding of the trade needs among the employees can be identified through the extra-pay that they might receive through the performance of their respective job roles on the day (Pearson 2017). The retailers and the workers have affinity for working in the Boxing day as they do not want to ruin their business for the day as most of the shopping is done on that day. The proper understanding of the business situation has led the government to take steps in order to allow the boxing day trading in order to facilitate the businesses that are being taken by the retailers and the owners of the business. However, there is s clause of the free elect for work which has affected the availability of the employees to work in that day. Therefore, the Labor unions and the SDA parties have faced challenges in order to collect employees for keeping up the pace of business. The parties have faced the difficulty of accumulating the labor force for working on that day, as most of the employees are busy with their families (Perrottet 2017). All the employees might oppose to the functioning of the Boxing Day Free trade as that might affect their domestic lives. The proper understanding of the act has enabled the understanding of the different aspects of the change in the structure and the functioning of the businesses on that day (Murphy 2017). Most of the employees are reported as they reacted to the exposition of Act saying that their family life is affected with the functioning of the act. They feel pressurized by the employers to work in that day, which might be beneficial for the owner but at the cost of their own privacy. Controversies around Boxing Day trading The act that is being passed by the governments in support of the Boxing Day has helped in the understanding of the different ethics that are incorporated with the Act. Consequentialism is a kind of ethical concept, which helps in the understanding of the conduct of an individual through the judgment of the activities undertaken by the same. In this context, the exposition of the Boxing Day Act has helped in the understanding of the different aspects of the change in the systems and the functioning of the act as per the requirements of the employees and the employers (Nine News 2017). The understating of the needs of the employees in relation to the passage of the Act has helped in the understanding of the ethical norm that is being used in this context. On the other hand, the profitability of the organization or the retailers is also being adhered by the law that is being passed by the government. The ethics is based on the understanding of the different aspects of the duties that are being judged in this context. The major aspects of the change that is being undertaken by the governments is based on the determination of the different job roles that is required to work based on then judgment of the responsibilities and the priority of the role (Inside Retail 2017). It is based on the duties that the employees are subjected to and the loyalty of the same, which is administered through the ethics of Deontology. The relaxation on the Boxing Day Trading restrictions has affected the livelihood of the people. The major aspects of the change that is being undertaken by the governments are based on the understanding of the difficulties and the challenges that the workforce might face in coping up with the situation (Hiini 2017). The workforce feels exploited as the government issued the relaxation to the Boxing Day trading act as their family time and privacy is compromised with the relaxation to the act. The different challenge that is being faced by the workforce is based on the free to elect to work, where they are pressurized to work from the management of the organizations. On the other hand, the workers are required to replenish the employees who have not made it up for the day. Therefore, the work has affected the motivation of the employees while adhering to the interest of the employers. References Hiini, R. (2017), Archbishop Fisher: Boxing Day trading undermines family and cohesion, Catholic Weekly, 20 September. Available at https://www.catholicweekly.com.au/archbishopfisher-boxing-day-trading-proposal-undermines-family-time-and-community-cohesion/ Inside Retail (2017), NSW Boxing Day trade to continue, 11 August. Available at https://www.insideretail.com.au/blog/2017/08/11/nsw-boxing-day-trade-to-continue/ Murphy, J. (2017), Tamworth and New England stores stay open on Boxing Day, Northern Daily Leader, 11 August. Available at https://www.northerndailyleader.com.au/story/4849174/boxing-day-trading-to-stay-forregional-nsw/ Nine News (2017), Boxing Day changes 'ruin Christmas': union, 21 September. Available at https://www.9news.com.au/national/2017/09/21/10/04/boxing-day-changes-ruin-christmasunion. Patty, A. (2017), Workers feel pressured with Boxing Day trading extended across NSW, Sydney Morning Herald, 13 August. Available at https://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/workers-feel-pressured-with-boxingday-trading-extended-across-nsw-20170811-gxu63g.html Pearson, A. (2017), Union backlash as Boxing Day trade laws pass Parliament, Illawarra Mercury, 21 September. Available at https://www.illawarramercury.com.au/story/4939326/union-backlash-as-boxing-day-tradelaws-pass-parliament/ Perrottet, D. (2017), Boxing Day Shopping Here to Stay in NSW, Media Release, 10 August. Available at https://www.treasury.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/2017- 08/20170810%20-%20Media%20Release%20-%20Perrottet%20- %20Boxing%20Day%20Shopping%20Here%20to%20Stay%20in%20NSW.pdf Take the Time (2018), Workers robbed of Boxing Day for no reason; December retail figures drop, Media Release, 7 February. Available at https://www.takethetime.org.au/media-releaseworkers-robbed-boxing-day-no-reason-december-retail-figures-drop/ Tin, S. (2017), MP crosses floor over Boxing Day trading laws, The Daily Telegraph, 21 September. Available at https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/mp-crosses-floor-overboxing-day-trading-laws/news-story/ebdefedda2885cd89265f5f95208a5c4